EMG/Nerve Conduction Study

What is EMG/Nerve Conduction Study?

Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies are diagnostic procedures used to evaluate the health of muscles and the nerve cells that control them (motor neurons). These tests measure the electrical activity of muscles at rest and during contraction, and how well electrical signals travel through nerves. EMG results can help diagnose muscle disorders, nerve disorders, and conditions affecting the connection between nerves and muscles. The nerve conduction study measures how fast and how well electrical signals travel down your nerves. This test is often performed along with EMG.

Symptoms

Diagnosis

The procedures involve: • Nerve conduction study first: electrodes placed on skin to send mild electrical pulses • Measurement of speed and strength of signals between electrodes • EMG: thin needle electrode inserted into muscle • Recording of electrical activity at rest and during contraction • Testing of multiple muscles and nerves • Comparison of both sides of body • Assessment of signal patterns • Usually 30-60 minutes total testing time • Mild discomfort during needle insertion • Normal activities can resume immediately

Treatment

EMG/NCS are diagnostic tests, not treatments. Results help guide treatment for conditions such as: • Herniated discs requiring surgery or physical therapy • Carpal tunnel syndrome needing splinting, injections, or surgery • Peripheral neuropathy requiring medication adjustments or lifestyle changes • Myopathies needing specific medications or therapies • Motor neuron diseases requiring supportive care and symptom management • Myasthenia gravis needing immunosuppressive medications • Radiculopathy requiring epidural injections or surgery • Nerve injuries needing observation, therapy, or surgical repair • Results help determine if condition is nerve-related, muscle-related, or both