Parkinson's Disease

What is Parkinson's Disease?

Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder that affects the nervous system and the parts of the body controlled by the nerves. Symptoms start slowly. The first symptom may be a barely noticeable tremor in just one hand. Tremors are common, but the disorder may also cause stiffness or slowing of movement. In the early stages of Parkinson's disease, your face may show little or no expression. Your arms may not swing when you walk. Your speech may become soft or slurred. Parkinson's disease symptoms worsen as your condition progresses over time.

Symptoms

Parkinson's disease symptoms may include: • Tremor (usually begins in a limb, often your hand or fingers) • Slowed movement (bradykinesia) • Rigid muscles • Impaired posture and balance • Loss of automatic movements • Speech changes • Writing changes (may become hard to write, writing may appear small)

Diagnosis

No specific test exists to diagnose Parkinson's disease. Diagnosis is based on: • Medical history • Review of signs and symptoms • Neurological and physical examination • Response to Parkinson's medications • Imaging tests (MRI, CT, PET scans) to rule out other conditions

Treatment

While Parkinson's cannot be cured, treatments can help control symptoms: • Medications (Levodopa, Dopamine agonists, MAO B inhibitors) • Deep brain stimulation surgery for advanced cases • Physical therapy to improve mobility and balance • Occupational therapy to help with daily tasks • Speech therapy • Regular exercise and healthy lifestyle

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